Figure 2
FOXK1 overexpression enhances TGF-β1-induced EMT. (a) Morphology of stable transfectants of the MKN28/vector and MKN28/FOXK1 as visualized using phase-contrast microscopy. (b) EMT biomarkers were detected using western blot analysis 48 h after transfection. (c) Immunofluorescence and microscopic visualization of E-cadherin (red) and vimentin (green) staining in FOXK1 and vector cells. (d and e) Western blot analysis of E-cadherin and vimentin with proteins extracted from MKN28 cells that were treated with various doses of TGF-β for various times. (f) Representative figures and data obtained from transwell assays for the indicated cells after treatment with TGF-β1. ****P<0.0001 between Scr small interfering RNA (siRNA) and Scr siRNA+TGF-β1; ****P<0.0001. FOXK1 siRNA+TGF-β1 and Scr siRNA+TGF-β1. (g) At 24 h after transfection with Src or FOXK1 siRNA, MKN28 cells were treated with TGF-β 1 (2 ng/ml) for an additional 48 h. FOXK1 expression was detected using western blot analysis. The results were reproduced in three independent experiments. Scale bars represent 20 μm in (a) and 10 μm in (c)
