Figure 2: Fibre development in jute.

a, Schematic representation of the fibre formation process in jute. Fibre formation-related genes are listed in Supplementary Table 32. b,c, Heat map showing relative expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of lignin (b) and cellulose (c) between 4-day-old seedlings and fibre cells. A similar expression pattern was also observed between very young seedlings before bolting and fibre cells (Supplementary Fig. 12a1,a2). The heat maps of normalized RNA-seq data was prepared from three biological replicates from fibre cells and whole seedlings of C. olitorius and C. capsularis. Gene expression was measured by quantified transcription levels (fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads, FPKM) derived from RNA-seq analysis. Heat scale, log2(FPKM). To calculate the log2(FPKM) values of individual genes, all of the original FPKM values were added by a pseudo-count of 1. CH4, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase; PAL, L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; HCT, hydroxycinnamoyl transferase; C3H, 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase; F5H, ferulate-5-hydroxylase; CAD, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.