Table 2 Results of the chemical composition analysis of the Ming Dynasty coin samples

From: An archaeometallurgical study of Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 AD) coins from the North Reef, South China Sea

Sample number

Coin Name

Elements of Coin Composition (wt%)

Cu

Pb

Sn

Fe

As

Zn

Bi

Ni

ZY-NH-47

Hongwu Tongbao

77.33

15.27

6.30

0.11

0.13

0.07

0.06

0.04

ZY-NH-48

Hongwu Tongbao

70.08

24.24

3.89

0.13

0.26

0.06

0.08

0.04

ZY-NH-49

Hongwu Tongbao

59.59

31.95

6.68

0.08

0.27

0.05

0.17

0.03

ZY-NH-50

Yongle Tongbao

40.15

31.97

12.16

13.89

0.34

0.12

0.17

0.04

ZY-NH-51

Yongle Tongbao

71.62

18.03

7.13

1.21

0.20

0.08

0.07

0.03

ZY-NH-52

Yongle Tongbao

39.28

45.74

11.06

2.63

0.33

0.02

0.21

0.02

ZY-NH-53

Hongwu Tongbao

80.95

7.23

3.47

0.188

0.232

0.084

0.061

0.025

ZY-NH-54

Hongwu Tongbao

83.83

9.313

6.75

0.069

bd

bd

bd

bd

ZY-NH-55

Hongwu Tongbao

39.52

38.00

1.36

13.33

6.50

bd

bd

bd

ZY-NH-56

Yongle Tongbao

82.15

2.49

8.29

0.085

0.085

0.072

0.016

0.039

ZY-NH-57

Yongle Tongbao

73.59

18.37

7.48

bd

bd

bd

bd

bd

ZY-NH-58

Yongle Tongbao

73.69

21.13

4.32

0.059

bd

0.064

bd

bd

ZY-NH-59

Yongle Tongbao

82.10

15.91

bd

0.008

bd

0.46

bd

0.058

ZY-NH-60

Yongle Tongbao

65.33

25.03

0.446

3.108

3.368

0.419

bd

bd

ZY-NH-62

Hongwu Tongbao

45.67

44.37

5.13

0.74

0.85

bd

bd

0.02

ZY-NH-63

Yongle Tongbao

70.81

23.44

3.74

1.03

bd

0.05

0.07

bd

ZY-NH-64

Yongle Tongbao

37.84

48.75

8.98

0.93

0.75

bd

bd

0.05

  1. bd below the detection limit.