Fig. 3

Intermittent PTH promotes root regeneration via regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. a, b Immunofluorescence staining on the compression side of distal buccal root (a). Dashed lines show the outline of the root surface. Boxed area indicates region that is shown in detail. Scale bar: 100 μm. β-catenin+ (yellow) stained cementoblasts decreased with the application of intermittent PTH and accumulated after the application of Wnt3a (b). n = 6; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. c, d Micro-CT analysis of distal buccal root of maxillary first molars (c). Boxed area indicates region that is shown in detail. Red shadows show the areas of root resorption. Quantitative analysis indicated that the volume of root resorption decreased by the intermittent PTH and increased after the application of Wnt3a (d). n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. e, g Representative immunohistochemical images of cementogenesis‐related factors on the compression side of distobuccal roots. Positive staining of CAP and OPN was detected in the cementum and the presumed cementoblasts lining on it. Scale bar: 100 μm. Boxed area indicates region that is shown in detail. f Quantitative analysis indicated that the expression of CAP increased in PTH group during the first 7 days of repair, and declined by Wnt3a administration after 7 and 14 days of repair. n = 6; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. h The OPN expression was increased by intermittent PTH, while decreased by Wnt3a administration on both day 7 and 14. n = 6; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001