Fig. 2: BMSC-EVs transmitted NORAD to osteosarcoma cells.

A Representative TEM images of morphology of EVs. Scale bar = 100 nm. B Detection of EV diameter and concentration by NTA. C Western blot analysis showing the expression of EV markers Alix, TSG101, CD81, endoplasmic reticulum protein GRP94 and plasma lipoprotein APOB. D Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to observe the internalization of BMSC-EVs labeled with PKH67 (green) by osteosarcoma cells. Nucleus stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 25 μm. E RT-qPCR showing the expression of NORAD in EVs treated with RNase and detergent. F The co-localization of FITC-NORAD (green) and Dil-EVs (red) in osteosarcoma cells, with nuclei stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 25 μm. G RT-qPCR showing the expression of NORAD in osteosarcoma cells co-cultured with BMSC-EVs. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The comparison of multiple groups of data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. control. The experiment was repeated at least 3 times independently.