Fig. 1: Fabrication process of the nanoprobe and schematic diagram of programmed intracellular ROS and temperature detection. | Microsystems & Nanoengineering

Fig. 1: Fabrication process of the nanoprobe and schematic diagram of programmed intracellular ROS and temperature detection.

From: Bifunctional nanoprobe for simultaneous detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species and temperature in single cells

Fig. 1

a The fabrication process involves pulling the capillary to create a nanometer-sized tip, coating the glass nanopipette with Pt and Ni, and insulating the Pt and Ni layer with Al2O3. The insulating layer at the tip is then milled using FIB to expose the Pt and Ni. b Schematic illustrating the electrochemical detection of ROS and temperature by the nanoprobe in a living cell. The relay, programmed by the Arduino microcontroller, switches between ROS and temperature detection. When the nanoprobe’s Pt and Ni terminals are connected to a multimeter, it measures intracellular temperature. When the Pt terminal is connected to an amplifier with a reference electrode (RE) in the culture medium, it detects intracellular ROS

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