Table 2 Application of CRISPR-mediated epigenome editing.
From: Novel epigenetic molecular therapies for imprinting disorders
Type | Function | Application | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Chromatin remodeling | |||
  dCas9-DNMT1   dCas9-DNMT3A   dCas9-DNMT3B   dCas9-DNMT3L   dCas9-MQ1 | DNA methyltransferase | Transcriptional repression | |
  dCas9-TET1CD   dCas9-TET3CD | 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase (DNA demethylation) | Transcriptional activation | |
  dCas9-VP64   dCas9-VPR   (VP64-p65-Rta)   dCas9-SunTag | Recruiting active transcription machinery Transcriptional activator/ Recruiting active transcription machinery Transcriptional activator | Transcriptional activation | |
  dCas9-KRAB   dCas9-KRAB-MeCP2 | Transcriptional repressor | Transcriptional repression | |
  dCas9-HP1α | Heterochromatin binding protein | Chromatin compaction | [129] |
  dCas9-Ezh2   dCas9-G9a   dCas9-SUV39H1 | H3K27 methyltransferases H3K9 mono-, dimethyltransferase H3K9 trimethyltransferase | Transcriptional repression | |
  dCas9-LSD1   dCas9-JMJD2A | H3K4me1/2, H3K9me1/2 demethylase H3K9me2/3, H3K36me2/3 demethylase | Transcriptional activation | |
  dCas9 SunTag-JARID1A | H3K4me3 demethylase | Transcriptional repression | [147] |
  dCas9-p300 | Histone acetyltransferase | Transcriptional activation | [111] |
  dCas9-HDAC1   dCas9-HDAC3 | Histone deacetylase | Transcriptional repression | |
  dCas9-dMSK1 | H3S28 phosphorylase | Transcriptional activation | [112] |
RNA modification | |||
  dCas13-METTL3, /-METTL3METTL14, dCasRx-METTL3 | N6-adenosine-methyltransferase | RNA stabilization, Translation efficiency | |
  dCasRx-ALKBH5 | m6A demethylase | RNA metabolism | [89] |
RNA interference | |||
  dCas13b-ADAR2 | Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA | RNA editing for A to I | [83] |
  Cas13 | RNA-guided RNA targeting | RNA knockdown |