Fig. 3

Roles of KLF, GCN5, and GDF15 expression in A549 cell proliferation and their relationships of the three genes. a–d CCK8 (a, b), cell counting (c), colony formation (d) assays showed that the proliferation of A549 cells transfected with KLF5, GCN5, and GDF15 overexpression plasmids for 48 h or with the interference plasmids for 48 h followed with C5a for 3 h were increased or decreased (pIRES2-EGFP or shCTR + C5a as control). e–g IB results exhibited that overexpression of KLF5 or GCN5 gene in A549 cells could increase GDF15 expression, and the C5a-induced GDF15 upregulation was repressed by KLF5 or GCN5 knockdown, but the change of GDF15 expression did not cause marked variation of KLF5 and GCN5 levels. All data represent means ± S.E.M. of three independent assays, and representative pictures are presented. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. pIRES2-EGFP; △△P < 0.01 vs. shCTR + C5a