Fig. 1: FBL is highly expressed in colorectal cancer and responds to oxidative damage.

A The protein expression of FBL in tumors and NATs analysed in 2019 and 2014 CPTAC COAD databases. NATs, non-cancerous adjacent tissue. (***p < 0.001, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). B The mRNA level of FBL in tumors and NATs analysed in TCGA-COAD project. (***p < 0.001, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). C Immunoblotting analysis of FBL protein level in T (tumor) samples and paired N (non-cancerous adjacent tissue) from CRC patients. D Immunohistochemical stains of FBL in tumor samples and paired NATs from CRC patients. Representative images of NAT and tumor sample (up) and Quantification of FBL expression (down) were shown. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, error bar = ±SEM, n = 46, scale bar =100 μm). E Bubble heatmap showing the expression of FBL in each Smart-seq2 cell type of CRC single cell databases (GSE146771). Dot size indicates the percentage of expressed cells, colored by average expression levels. F GSEA pathway analysis of proteins enriched in patients with FBL high expression and in patients with FBL low expression in 2019 CPTAC COAD databases. G GSEA pathway analysis of proteins enriched in patients with FBL high expression and in patients with FBL low expression in 2014 CPTAC COAD databases. H Representative image (left) and Pearson correlation analysis (right) of immunohistochemical stains of FBL and 8-OHdG in 61 CRC patients’ tumors. (*p < 0.05, error bar = ±SEM, scale bar =100 μm). I Schematic diagram of colitis-associated carcinoma C57 mouse model induced by AOM/DSS. The HE staining of normal, inflammatory and tumor intestinal tissues in mice sacrificed as indicated after induction. J Immunoblotting analysis of FBL protein levels in normal, inflammatory and tumor intestinal tissues of mice. K Representative images (left) and quantification (right) of immunohistochemical stains of FBL in normal, inflammation and tumor intestinal tissues of mice. (*p < 0.05, error bar = ±SEM, n = 5, scale bar =100 μm). L Representative images (left) and quantification (right) of immunohistochemical stains of 8-OHdG in normal, inflammation and tumor intestinal tissues of mice. (*p < 0.05, error bar = ±SEM, n = 5, scale bar =100 μm). M Pearson correlation of FBL and 8-OHdG staining in normal, inflammation and tumor intestinal tissues of mice.