Table 2 Characteristics of the study sample.
Variable | Full sample (N = 2036) | |
|---|---|---|
N | M (SD) or % | |
Neonatal characteristics | ||
Gestational age at birth (weeks) | 2026 | 26.1 (1.75) |
Birth weight (g) | 2021 | 886.4 (279.5) |
Small for gestational age | 1282 | 15% |
Male sex | 2036 | 52% |
Female sex | 2036 | 48% |
Infant admitted to NICU | 2036 | 100% |
Infant race | 2036 | |
American Indian/Alaskan Native | <1% | |
Asian | 3% | |
Black | 24% | |
Multiple races | 6.5% | |
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | <1% | |
Other race | 5.9% | |
Race unknown | 1.5% | |
White | 58% | |
Infant ethnicity | 2036 | |
Hispanic/Latino/a | 15% | |
Not Hispanic/Latino/a | 85% | |
Full sample (N = 1761) | ||
|---|---|---|
N | M (SD) or % | |
Maternal demographics | ||
Age at birth (years) | 1663 | 29.1 (6.6) |
4-year college degree | 1467 | 29% |
Married/partnered | 1491 | 76% |
Maternal medical problems | ||
Gestational diabetes | 1433 | 8.0% |
Pre-eclampsia | 1756 | 20% |
Perinatal maternal substance use | ||
Tobacco | 1687 | 13% |
Alcohol | 763 | 3.5% |
Opioid | 784 | 18% |
Marijuana | 755 | 7.3% |
Illicit drugs | 753 | 4.1% |
