Fig. 1

An SPR assay characterizing the real-time binding kinetics of the ACE2 proteins (wild-type and mutants) to SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD. Three independent experiments are conducted and the recorded profiles from one representative experiment are shown. The slow-on/slow-off kinetic data are analyzed by the 1:1 binding model. The calculated kinetic parameters are summarized. ACE2/WT: wild-type ACE2; ACE2[W19/W27]: ACE2 containing the S19W, T27W, H374A, H378A, and E402A mutations; ACE2[W19/Y330]: ACE2 containing the S19W, N330Y, H374A, H378A, and E402A mutations; ACE2[W27/Y330]: ACE2 containing the T27W, N330Y, H374A, H378A, and E402A mutations; ACE2[W19/W27/Y330]: ACE2 containing the S19W, T27W, N330Y, H374A, H378A, and E402A mutations