Fig. 1
Clustering and evolution analysis of adenoma, primary colon cancer, and metastatic tissues from a stage IV colon cancer patient. Single cells in the liver and lymph metastases could be tracked from colon 5 or colon 1. a Clustering of exome sequencing data of 140 single cells from primary tumor, liver metastasis, lymphatic metastasis, and adenoma from a stage IV colon cancer patient. Colon-N, normal tissue from colon; Colon-I, inner circle colon cancer cells; Colon-O, outer circle colon cancer cells. The height of the vertical lines in the dendrogram of graphs reflects the level at which two clusters are merged (based on the similarity of single cell). The greater the height, the more dissimilar the two clusters were at the point of their merger. b Heat-map of the 7 groups of genetic alterations with different distributions among the tissues. A red block in the “Damage” column indicates an SNV predicted to damage protein function. A purple block indicates a tolerated SNV. c Phylogenetic tree reconstruction depicting the evolutionary trajectory of colon cancer. The size of the nodes reflects the SNV frequency at each evolutionary stage, branches width reflects the frequency of SNV gain or loss, and branches reflects the number of SNV changes at each stage. Gene mutations marked in red are also found in the liver and lymph metastases. d A Sankey diagram shows the possible origins of liver and lymph metastasis based on single-cell exome sequencing of different tissue sections from the primary colon tumor (colon-1, 3, 5, 8). e The proportion of cells supporting the possible sites of origin of liver and lymph metastasis
