Table 2 Differential metabolites responsible for the discrimination of two groups

From: Urinary biomarker panel for diagnosing patients with depression and anxiety disorders

Metabolite

P valuea

Rb

FCc

Metabolic pathway

N-methylnicotinamide

5.32E−06

−0.693

−1.93337

Tryptophan–nicotinic acid metabolism

Acetone

0.008495

−0.501

−0.61032

Propanoate metabolism

(S)−3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid

0.002106

0.714

0.27378

Not found

(S)−3-hydroxyisobutyric acid

0.265085

0.523

0.841019

Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation

Adipic acid

0.737113

0.46

0.347352

Degradation of aromatic compounds

l-alanine

0.096207

0.535

0.411909

Alanine metabolism

Aminomalonic acid

0.001461

0.77

1.070629

Not found

Azelaic acid

3.86E−05

0.662

1.841785

Lipid metabolism

Citric acid

0.088148

0.527

0.367736

Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)

Fructose

0.006761

0.525

0.66192

Starch and sucrose metabolism

Glycine

0.001052

0.654

0.561433

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

Hippuric acid

0.001068

−0.858

−1.02191

Tyrosine–phenylalanine pathway

Indican

5.62E−05

−0.8

−0.92295

Not found

l-lactic acid

0.001359

0.487

0.632744

Propanoate metabolism

Methylmalonic acid

0.007244

−0.671

−0.63621

Propanoate metabolism

Pseudouridine

9.33E−05

−0.477

−0.64546

Pyrimidine metabolism

Ribose

0.347268

0.612

0.214255

Pentose phosphate pathway

Sorbitol

0.113869

0.449

0.651624

Galactose metabolism

l-threonine

0.012509

0.505

0.330823

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism

α-Aminobutyric acid

0.036643

0.486

0.217817

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

  1. aP values were derived from non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test
  2. bCorrelation coefficient was obtained from OPLS-DA with a threshold of 0.449, positive and negative values indicate higher and lower levels in patients with depression and anxiety disorders, respectively
  3. cFC (fold change) positive and negative values indicate higher and lower levels in patients with depression and anxiety disorders, respectively