Fig. 2: BDNF Z-scores for ASD cases and controls.
From: Reduced neonatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with autism spectrum disorders
The concentrations were standardized by year in cases (orange boxes) and controls (blue boxes) using z-scores. The figure shows median BDNF z-scores with 25–75th percentile (box), 1.5 × (25–75th) (vertical lines) and upper and lower values (dots)
