Fig. 2: Metabolomic analysis of treatment-refractory major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation.

a Multivariate analysis, males and females. 3-dimensional projection of partial least squares discriminant analysis. b Metabolic pathway impact bubble plots. The size of the bubble is proportional to the p value significance. The color from yellow to red is proportional to the percent impact calculated by random forest analysis, c Metabolite differences in males, d Metabolite differences in females. Metabolites in black were decreased. Metabolites in red were increased. e Classifier performance by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Z Z-score, FC fold change, p Student’s p value, q Bayesian q value.