Fig. 1: MANF is upregulated in ICC.

A MANF expression in the liver tissues of ICC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. n = 78, ****P < 0.0001. B MANF protein levels were detected in Ca and the Pa tissues by western blot assay. n = 6, *P < 0.05. C The mRNA levels of MANF in the liver tissues of ICC patients were detected by qPCR assay. n = 6, *P < 0.05. D MANF level in the serum of ICC patients (n = 23) and healthy controls (n = 25) was detected by ELISA assay. ****P < 0.0001. E Scheme for SBT-induced ICC. F Gross morphology of mice livers. G HE staining of mice liver tissues. The levels of MANF, CK19, and Ki67 in SBT-induced mice ICC were detected by immunohistochemistry staining (H), and western blot assays (I). J Scheme for TAA-induced mice ICC. K Gross morphology of mice livers. L HE staining of mice liver tissues. The expressions of MANF, CK19, and Ki67 in TAA-induced mice ICC were detected by immunohistochemistry staining (M), and western blot assays (N).