Fig. 3: Scheme summarizing the role of each type of stem cells in repair of SCI.
From: Strategies and prospects of effective neural circuits reconstruction after spinal cord injury
Stem cells play a neuroprotective role by differentiating into specialized cell types to replace damaged cells and secreting factors to promote the survival and activity of these cells. In addition, the mechanisms of stem cells that promote repair and function improvement include immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effect, inhibition of scar formation, axon and myelin regeneration, and prevention of vascular loss or promotion of angiogenesis.
