Fig. 5: Micronuclei and cell cycle distribution.

a Quantification of micronucleus formation. LCLs derived from wild-type ABRAXAS1 individual (ABR-wt) and from the ABRAXAS1 c.1106dup (ABR-1106) and the ABRAXAS1 c.577C>T (ABR-577) mutation carriers were exposed to IR and re-cultivated before cells were fixed at the indicated time points. Micronuclei per nucleus were scored and normalized to the mean value of ABR-wt 1 h post IR measured on the same day each. This reference value (100%) represents four micronuclei/100 nuclei. Statistically significant differences between values for LCLs ABR-wt, ABR-1106 and ABR-577 for each treatment condition and pairwise for untreated cells and 1 h post IR were calculated via Kruskal–Wallis test followed by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. Data points indicate mean values and SEM of 150 nuclei obtained from three experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. The image on the right shows a representative microscopic image of a DAPI-stained nucleus with micronucleus at the tip of the white arrow. b DNA content was determined flow cytometrically after propidium iodide staining of LCLs from external wild-type control BR-0968, ABR-wt, ABR-1106 and ABR-577. Cell cycle distribution of G1-, S- and G2/M-phases in living cells is graphically presented. c Representative histograms of propidium iodide stained LCLs. d Statistically significant differences between the mean percentages of cells with G2/M-phase and subG1-DNA content were calculated for ABR-wt, ABR-1106 and ABR-577 via Kruskal–Wallis-test followed by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test (n = 4 from two independent experiments); bars, SEM; *P < 0.05.