Fig. 5: The lactylome revealed that renal Fis1 lactylation was elevated after sepsis.

A Changes in Pan-Kla in mouse kidneys within 24 h after CLP. B Volcano plot showing the differentially lactylated proteins in the kidney 8 h after CLP (n = 3). C The number and intracellular localization of differentially lactylated proteins. D Biological processes of the differentially lactylated proteins. E Differentially lactylated proteins involved in the regulation of mitochondrion organization. F Mass spectrometry spectrum of the lactylated Fis1 K20 sites. G, H Fis1, Pan-Kla, and mitochondrial marker TOM20 immunofluorescent triple staining showing the co-localization of Fis1 and Pan-Kla. The images were analyzed by the Colocalization Finder plugin of ImageJ software (n = 6). Fis1 and PanKla were considered co-localized when the overlap coefficient was >0.6 and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was >0.5. Scale bars, 20 μm. I, J Changes in renal Fis1 lactylation following CLP or lactate (1 g/kg) administration in mice. K Immunohistochemistry showing the changes in Pan-Kla in mouse renal tissue after CLP and lactate administration. L Changes in Pan-Kla in HK-2 cells after lactate stimulation. M Changes in Fis1 lactylation after LPS or lactate stimulation in HK-2 cells. Data are mean ± SD; *P, #P < 0.05.