Fig. 1: A large number of leukocytes adhere to the schistosomula of S. japonicum and S. mansoni in M. fortis.

a Representative electron micrographs of S. japonicum collected from infected mice (Mus musculus, BALB/c) and M. fortis at 7, 13 and 21 days post-infection. The yellow arrows indicate the host cells attached to S. japonicum. Sj, S. japonicum. Scale bars, 10 μm. b Comparison of the size of S. japonicum in mice and M. fortis at 7, 13, and 21 days post-infection. Mean values are represented by horizontal bars. c Number of leukocytes adhering to S. japonicum that can be observed under a scanning electron microscope. N, nondetectable. d Representative electron micrographs of S. mansoni collected from infected mice (Mus musculus, BALB/c) and M. fortis at 13, 16 and 21 days post-infection. The yellow arrows indicate the cell adherence to S. mansoni. Sm, S. mansoni. Scale bars, 10 μm. e, f Quantitative analysis of the size of S. mansoni (e) and the numbers of leukocytes attached to S. mansoni (f) in mice and M. fortis at 13, 16, and 21 days post-infection. Groups of 5 mice or M. fortis were used for each experimental condition. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Similar results were obtained in more than three repeated experiments.