Table 1 Successful clinical trials testing ICD inducers and ICIsa

From: Immunogenicity of cell death and cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Indication

ICD inducer(s)

ICI(s)

Other

Trial Name

Trial #

Ref.

Breast cancer

Anthracycline, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel

Nivolumab

Endocrine therapy, surgery

CheckMate 7FL

NCT04109066

[154]

Cervical cancer

Carboplatin, cisplatin, paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

Bevacizumab

KEYNOTE-826

NCT03635567

[155]

Endometrial cancer

Doxorubicin, lenvatinib, paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-775

NCT03517449

[156]

Esophageal carcinoma

5-fluorouracil, cisplatin

Ipilimumab, nivolumab

n.a.

CheckMate 648

NCT03143153

[72]

Esophageal carcinoma

5-fluorouracil, cisplatin

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-590

NCT03189719

[157, 158]

Gastric carcinoma

Capecitabine, oxaliplatin

Sintilimab

n.a.

ORIENT-16

NCT03745170

[159]

Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin

Tislelizumab

n.a.

RATIONALE-305

NCT03777657

[160]

Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, leucovorin, oxaliplatin

Ipilimumab, nivolumab

n.a.

CheckMate649

NCT02872116

[74, 161]

Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, tegafur- gimeracil-oteracil potassium

Pembrolizumab

Trastuzumab

KEYNOTE-811

NCT03615326

[162]

Gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-859

NCT03675737

[73]

HNSCC

5-fluorouracil, carboplatin, cetuximab, cisplatin

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-048

NCT02358031

[163, 164]

HNSCC

Carboplatin, paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-B10

NCT04489888

[165]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, paclitaxel

Nivolumab

Bevacizumab

TASUKI-52

NCT03117049

[166, 167]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, paclitaxel

Atezolizumab

Bevacizumab

IMpower150

NCT02366143

[168, 169]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, cisplatin, pemetrexed

Pembrolizumab

Dexamethasone, folic acid, vitamin B12

KEYNOTE-189

MK-3475-189

NCT02578680

NCT03950674

[170, 171]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, nab-paclitaxel, pemetrexed

Atezolizumab

n.a.

IMpower130

NCT02367781

[172]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, pemetrexed

Ipilimumab, nivolumab

n.a.

CheckMate 9LA

NCT03215706

[173, 174]

NSCLC

Carboplatin, cisplatin, nab-paclitaxel, paclitaxel, pemetrexed

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

MK-3475-A86

NCT04956692

n.a.

NSCLC

Cisplatin, etoposide, RT

Nivolumab

n.a.

RTOG 3502

NCT02768558

n.a.

NSCLC

Carboplatin, nab-paclitaxel, paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-407

NCT02775435

NCT03875092

[175,176,177]

SCLC

Carboplatin, cisplatin, etoposide

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-604

NCT03066778

[178, 179]

SCLC

Carboplatin, etoposide

Atezolizumab

n.a.

IMpower133

NCT02763579

[180,181,182]

TNBC

Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, nab-paclitaxel

Atezolizumab

Filgrastim

IMpassion031

NCT03197935

[183]

TNBC

Nab-paclitaxel

Atezolizumab

n.a.

IMpassion130

NCT02425891

[68]

TNBC

Carboplatin, gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

n.a.

KEYNOTE-355

NCT02819518

[71]

TNBC

Carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, paclitaxel

Pembrolizumab

Filgrastim

KEYNOTE-522

NCT03036488

[184]

TNBC

Nab-paclitaxel

Atezolizumab

n.a.

ANASTASE

NCT05609903

[69]

  1. HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, ICD immunogenic cell death inducer, ICI immune checkpoint inhibitor, n.a. not applicable, NSCLC non-small cell lung carcinoma, RT radiation therapy, SCLC small cell lung carcinoma, TNBC triple-negative breast cancer
  2. aLimited to Phase II or higher; last updated: 10/17/2024
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