Table 1 Estimates of incidence and prevalence of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy and monitoring coverage in the UK.

From: The incidence, monitoring coverage and clinical characteristics of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in the United Kingdom

Frequency of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy

Cases reported (July 2018–Feb 2020)

49

Annualised number of reported cases (raw)

29.4

Annualised number of reported cases (adjusted for under-reporting & under-ascertainment)

57.1

Frequency of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy amongst long-term users in the U.K.

Long-term user estimates [22]

Annualised frequency of detected retinopathy amongst long-term hydroxychloroquine users in the U.K.

 

Min (raw)

Max (adj.)

71,144

0.04%

0.08%

(Clinical Practice Research Datalink)

1 in 2420

1 in 1247

77,170

0.04%

0.07%

(NHS Digital)

1 in 2625

1 in 1353

Population incidence of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in the U.K.

 

Annualised number of reported cases

Population incidence (cases/million/year)

Population frequency

Total population

29.4 (min)

0.44

1 in 2,260,544

66,460,000

57.1 (max)

0.86

1 in 1,165,965

Adult population

29.4 (min)

0.56

1 in 1,782,427

52,403,344

57.1 (max)

1.09

1 in 919,357

Real world estimates of frequency of definite retinopathy in long-term users in the U.K.

 

Affected

Examined

Frequency of retinopathy

Marshall et al. [12]

14

869

1.6%

Alieldin et al. [15]

10

566

1.77%

Gobbett et al. [16]

2

333

1%

Aggregated data

26

1,768

1.47%

Estimated number of affected individuals and coverage of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy monitoring in the U.K. (July 2018–Feb 2020)

Long-term users

Estimated no. of affected individuals at 1.47%

Coverage of monitoring: Min (raw)

Coverage of monitoring: Max (adj)

71,144

1,046

2.81%

5.45%

77,170

1,135

2.59%

5.03%

Estimated annualised number of individuals screened (July 2018–Feb 2020)

1,999 - 3,880

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