Fig. 1: Bivariate genome-wide association analysis of two developmental traits.

2W: Days to flowering time (FT) under long day (LD) with vernalized for 2 weeks at 5 °C, 8 h daylight, MT GH: Maturation period. a Manhattan plots comparison of bivariate and univariate analysis results, where the novel variants only discoverable when combining two phenotypes are shown in green. The horizontal dashed line represents a 5% Bonferroni-corrected genome-wide significant threshold for the number of variants and also the number of tested trait pairs, respectively. b Zooming in on the novel locus detected using bivariate analysis. r: linkage disequilibrium measured as the correlation coefficient between the top variant and each variant in the region.