Fig. 1 | Nature Communications

Fig. 1

From: Cross-linked beta alumina nanowires with compact gel polymer electrolyte coating for ultra-stable sodium metal battery

Fig. 1

Schematic of NVP/Na batteries using ANs–GPE and GFs-GPE electrolytes. a Structure and Na-ion transportation mechanism of ANs–GPE. b, c Adsorption of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) on β″-Al2O3 (003). d, e Working mechanism of NVP/Na batteries during long cycles with GFs-GPE and ANs–GPE. In the NVP/ANs–GPE/Na batteries, the flat ANs–GPE creates dense, uniform and solid–liquid hybrid Na-ion transportation channels on the surface of the Na metal anode that contribute to uniform Na deposition and the formation of stable and smooth SEI films during long cycles, while in the NVP/GFs-GPE/Na batteries, uneven Na deposition occurs due to the nonionic conductive GFs and highly porous structure of GFs-GPE

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