Fig. 1: Supramolecular framework assembly in gel membrane for switchable liquid separation.
From: Processing supramolecular framework for free interconvertible liquid separation

a Schematic formation of supramolecular framework driven by pre-ionic and post host–guest interaction, where CPs denotes cationic pillar[5]arenes, ICHs means the ionic complex hosts. b Modulation of membranes via intermediate state (gray) for changing over in oil (yellow) and water (blue) separation.