Fig. 5: High-efficiency and low-cost production of MoS2 mineral-based catalysts from cheap molybdenite concentrate for high-current-density HER.

a A comparison of the fabrication rate and highest tested current density of transition metal dichalcogenide-based HER catalysts by different methods. Details for data points are shown in Supplementary Table 1. b A comparison of the catalyst cost compared to commercial electrocatalysts for HER, showing the ultralow cost of the HC-MoS2/Mo2C catalyst. Note that the support costs of HC-MoS2/Mo2C, Raney Ni, Pt and Pt/C catalysts are excluded.