Fig. 1: Principle of SONIA neutralization PCR test. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Principle of SONIA neutralization PCR test.

From: Detection of neutralizing antibodies against multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains in dried blood spots using cell-free PCR

Fig. 1

a Viral entry of SARS-CoV-2 is mediated by the binding of the spike protein to the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Disruption of this interaction forms the basis of neutralization by antibodies (NAb). b SONIA Neutralization PCR test reconstructs this interaction using a combination of S1 subunits of the spike protein- and ACE2-DNA conjugates. In the absence of NAb, S1 and ACE2 engage with strong affinity, thereby positioning the two DNA barcodes in proximity for subsequent ligation and PCR-amplification. On the other hand, binding of NAb blocks S1 subunit from binding ACE2, leaving the two DNA barcodes separated. Since each barcode has only one PCR primer binding site, they cannot be separately amplified. Therefore, the quantities of NAb are correlated with the decrease of PCR amplicon formation.

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