Fig. 1: Experiment concept: real-time wireless collection and detection.

a A microscope image of a single coplanar nanogap used for trap and release experiments. Fluorescent images demonstrate wireless manipulation of 200 nm polystyrene particles. b A concept diagram of our experimental setup. As a primary and secondary coil inductively couple RF power to a nanogap capacitor, strong electric-field gradients create a polarization force that collects particles towards the nanogap (lower left, “Wireless DEP”). At this junction, the confined electric fields are sensitive to changes in the dielectric load (lower right, “Impedance load”), resulting in a discernable shift in reflected impedance, which is measured wirelessly across our nanogap array device (center) using a network analyzer (upper right).