Fig. 6: Replication of biomarker associations with incident disease.

Biomarker associations for six disease endpoints are shown for THL Biobank (red) and UK Biobank for the full study population (light blue) as well as for individuals without self-reported use of cholesterol-lowering medication (dark blue): a All-cause mortality, b Major adverse cardiovascular event, c Diabetes, d Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), e Chronic kidney failure and f Liver diseases. Results from THL biobank were meta-analysed for five prospective Finnish cohorts (FINRISK 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012, and Health 2000). Data are presented as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI), per SD-scaled biomarker concentrations. All models were adjusted for age and sex, using age as the timescale of the Cox proportional hazards regression. Analyses in the UK biobank were additionally adjusted for the UK biobank assessment centre. Filled points indicate statistically significant associations (p < 5e-5), and hollow points non-significant ones. Black horizontal line denotes a hazard ratio of 1. Event numbers for incident disease or mortality in the two biobanks are shown in Table 2. ICD-10 codes used for compiling the composite endpoints are listed in Supplementary Table 2. The replication results are shown here for six endpoints available in THL biobank; results for all overlapping endpoints are shown in Supplementary Fig. 16. Results are shown separately for each of the five Finnish cohorts in Supplementary Fig. 17. BCAA indicates branched-chain amino acids, DHA docosahexaenoic acid, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, SFA saturated fatty acids. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.