Fig. 4: Effects of chemical inhibition of PBP2 or genetic inhibition of SgtB TGase.
From: Modulation of MRSA virulence gene expression by the wall teichoic acid enzyme TarO

a Disk diffusion assay. White arrow indicates a decrease in the expression of psmα-lacZ, yellow arrow indicates an increase in the expression of vraX-lacZ, and red arrow indicates inhibition zone of bacterial growth, around a paper disk. b, c Representative images (b) and quantitative analysis (c) of SpA in S. aureus strains grown in TSB medium supplemented with 1.5 μg/ml cefotaxime, cefuroxime, or ceftizoxime for 3 h. Data represent mean ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. d Disk diffusion assays for vraX-lux induction in USA300 LAC. Red and blue arrows indicate tunicamycin- and cefuroxime-induction of vraX-lacZ, respectively. e, f The expression of vraX-lux (e) and psmα-lux (f) in USA300 LAC strain grown in TSB medium supplemented with or without moenomycin (Moe). Data from n = 4 biological replicates are reported as the mean ± SD. g Effect of moenomycin on the growth of USA300 LAC cultured in TSB medium at 37 °C. Data represent mean ± SD from n = 3 biological replicates. h, i Representative images (h) and quantitative analysis (i) of SpA in WT USA300 grown in TSB medium supplemented with or without moenomycin. Data represent mean ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. (j and k) Representative images (j) and quantitative analysis (k) of SpA in S. aureus strains grown in TSB medium for 3 h. Data represent mean ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. (l) qRT-PCR analysis of spa and vraX in S. aureus strains. Data represent mean ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. In j–l, JE2 and sgtB mutant harbor an empty pYJ335 vector as control. Statistical analysis was performed using two-tailed one-sample t-test (in c and i, with the untreated WT USA300 control set to a fold change of 1; in k and l, when compared with the WT JE2, which was set to a fold change of 1) or otherwise with Student’s two-tailed unpaired t-test.