Fig. 3: Identification and characterization of the causal gene MKK10.2.

A Local Manhattan plot (top) and LD heatmap (bottom) surrounding the peak on chromosome 3. B Exon-intron structure of MKK10.2 and DNA polymorphisms in this gene. C Boxplots for ST-SR based on the haplotypes (Hap) for MKK10.2. Box edges represented the 0.25 and 0.75 quantiles with the median values shown by bold lines. Whiskers extended to data no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range. Differences between the haplotypes were analyzed by two-sided Student’s t-test. D Evaluation of salt tolerance of WT ZH11, mkk10.2 mutant plants. Pictures were taken 10 d post salt treatment, without (left) and with 200 mM NaCl (right). Scale bar, 5 cm. ZH11, Zhonghua11. E The shoot Na⁺ contents, shoot Na⁺/K⁺ content ratios, shoot water contents and survival rates in WT(ZH11), mkk10.2 mutant plants under salt stress. The values were significantly different from that of the WT under 200 mM NaCl stress. Data were calculated 10 d post salt stress. Data were presented as mean values ± SD, P values were calculated with two-sided Student’s t-test, n = 3. F Evaluation of salt tolerance of WT, OE-1, and OE-2 (OsMKK10.2OE-1 and OsMKK10.2OE-2) lines (bottom). Pictures were taken 10 d post salt treatment, without (left) and with 200 mM NaCl (right). Scale bar, 5 cm. G The shoot Na⁺ contents, shoot Na⁺/K⁺ content ratios, shoot water contents, and survival rates in WT, OE-1, and OE-2 (OsMKK10.2OE-1 and OsMKK10.2OE-2) lines under salt stress. Data were calculated 10 d post salt stress without and with 200 mM NaCl. Significant differences were observed between WT and OsMKK10.2-OE lines under 200 mM NaCl stress. Data were presented as mean values ± SD, P values were calculated with two-sided Student’s t-test, n = 3. Twenty-four plants were used to determine the survival rate. Twelve seedlings were used to determine shoot Na⁺ content, shoot Na⁺/K⁺ content ratio and shoot water content, and each data point represented the mean value of four seedlings which were grouped randomly. Source data were provided as a Source data file.