Fig. 1: DMF and 4-OI inhibit LPS-mediated F3 induction and TF-dependent thrombin generation in macrophages. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: DMF and 4-OI inhibit LPS-mediated F3 induction and TF-dependent thrombin generation in macrophages.

From: Dimethyl fumarate and 4-octyl itaconate are anticoagulants that suppress Tissue Factor in macrophages via inhibition of Type I Interferon

Fig. 1

a Heatmap from RNA sequencing of selected inflammation-associated coagulation genes in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages (BMDMs) pre-treated (3 h) with DMF compared to DMSO control prior to LPS stimulation (4 h). b BMDMs (n = 3) and c PBMCs (n = 4) were pre-treated with DMSO, DMF, or 4-OI (1 h) prior to LPS stimulation (3 h) and harvesting cell lysates. Quantification of F3 mRNA by qRT-PCR in b BMDMs (DMSO–250 μM 4-OI, P = 0000178) and c PBMCs. d Western blot and e densitometry analysis of TF in BMDM cell lysates pre-treated with DMSO, DMF, or 4-OI (1 h) prior to LPS stimulation (3 h), with GAPDH as loading control. f–h BMDMs were pre-treated with DMSO, f DMF, or g 4-OI (1 h) before LPS priming (3 h). Thrombin generation was measured in BMDMs in situ in plate wells using FXII-deficient plasma. h Lagtime represents time-to-clot formation. NS–DMSO, P = 0.000015; DMSO–5 μM DMF, P = 0.00001; DMSO–10 μM DMF, P = 0.0000006. Data from b, c are mean ± SEM from 3, 4 independent experiments. Blot from d is three mice from three independent experiments. Data from e–h are mean ± SD from three independent experiments. P values calculated one-way ANOVA for multiple comparisons. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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