Fig. 4: The influence of W/C on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the cement-hydrogel composite.

a Mechanical properties of cement-hydrogel composite at different W/C ratios. SEM images of Cement-Hydrogel at (b) W/C = 1 (c) W/C = 0.8 (d) W/C = 0.6 (e) W/C = 0.4.