Fig. 1: Synthesis, morphological and structural characterization of La1Pt@HCS electrocatalyst.

a Schematic illustration on the synthesis of La1Pt@HCS. b TEM image of HCS. c Pore size distribution of HCS estimated by DFT method. d TEM image, e SEM image, f Enlarged TEM image (inset: size distribution histogram), g HAADF-STEM image (inset: line scan of elemental profiles) of La1Pt@HCS. h Atomic-resolution HAADF-STEM image of La1Pt@HCS (inset: SAED pattern image and the atomic structure model). i Intensity profiles along lines 1 and 2 indicated in (h). j STEM-EDX mapping images of La1Pt@HCS showing distributions of C (red), Pt (green), La (blue), O (yellow), and merged elements.