Fig. 2: Morphology and structural characterization of β-glycine nanocrystalline films.

a Cross-sectional SEM image of an as-obtained film with a thickness of 4.5 µm. b Surface topography SEM image showing the compact nanosized grains of the uniform and continuous films. c Grain size distribution of β-glycine nanograins by analyzing over 400 grains. d Raman spectrum of the as-grown β-glycine nanocrystalline films. e XRD spectra of the as-prepared β-glycine nanocrystalline films (red curve), β-glycine nanocrystals obtained in the absence of electric field (green curve), β-glycine microcrystals prepared by electrohydrodynamic focusing deposition (blue curve), and α crystals formed by direct evaporation of glycine solution film (black curve). The standard XRD spectra of three phases of glycine are shown at the top of the figure. W/denotes with, and W/O stands for without.