Fig. 1: NFAT5 expression is upregulated in TMZ-resistant GBM specimens and positively correlates with p-EGFR expression.

a Representative immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of NFAT5 in tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous brain (NB) tissues of patients with glioma (NB: 8 cases; WHO 1/2: 12 cases; WHO 3: 16 cases; WHO 4: 55 cases). Scale bar: 100μm. IHC analysis of NFAT5 expression at different tumor stages (right). NB (Min = 1, Q1 = 1.25, Med = 2.5, Q3 = 3, Max = 4); WHO 1/2 (Min = 2, Q1 = 2.25, Med = 3.5, Q3 = 5.5, Max = 8); WHO 3 (Min = 3, Q1 = 4.5, Med = 6, Q3 = 8, Max = 9); WHO 4 (Min = 4, Q1 = 6, Med = 8, Q3 = 9, Max = 12). b Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of patients with glioma. c Survival analysis of patients with IDH wild-type GBM based on NFAT5 expression. d Upper, NFAT5 and EGFR pY1068 expression in glioma tissues (n = 83 samples) determine by IHC staining. Scale bar: 100μm. Bottom, The association between NFAT5 and EGFR pY1068 levels in glioma tissue. L, low; M, medium; H, high. e The NFAT5 and EGFR pY1068 levels in clinical GBM samples and paired adjacent non-tumorous tissue. N, normal; T, tumor. f Representative IHC staining of NFAT5 in TMZ sensitive and resistant GBM tissues (n = 12 samples). Scale bar: 100μm. TMZ sensitive (Min = 1, Q1 = 1.75, Med = 3, Q3 = 4.5, Max = 6); TMZ resistant (Min = 3, Q1 = 3.75, Q2 = 7, Q3 = 8.25, Max = 9). TMZ, Temozolomide. g The protein levels of NFAT5 and EGFR pY1068 in the TMZ sensitive and refractory GBM specimen. (e, g) n = 3 independent experiments. Significance was calculated (a) by one-way ANOVA with LSD-t; (d) by chi-square test; (f) by unpaired two-sided Student’s t test. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Marker unit for Western blots is kDa. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.