Fig. 5: Neutralizing activity against B.1, BA.1, and BA.5 spike variants and anti-S IgG response in neonates born to patients with a positive history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

a Matched maternal peripheral blood over neonatal umbilical cord blood anti-S IgG levels at time of delivery. Spearman correlation analysis on log₂-transformed values. b Umbilical cord anti-S IgG levels of neonates born to patients who received at least one dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination prior to delivery. Umbilical cord anti-S IgG levels are examined relative to time elapsed between last SARS-CoV-2 vaccination dose and delivery. c Placental transfer ratios (umbilical cord anti-S IgG/maternal anti-S IgG levels) were studied relative to time elapsed between last SARS-CoV-2 vaccination dose and delivery. For a–c samples were grouped according to maternal vaccination status at time of delivery: Partially vaccinated with no history of infection (PartVx); Partially vaccinated with positive history of infection (PartVx/Inf); Fully Vaccinated with no history of infection (FullVx); Fully vaccinated with positive history of infection (FullVx/Inf); Boosted with no history of infection (BoostVx); Boosted with positive history of infection (BoostVx/Inf). Source data are provided as a source data file. d Neutralizing activity in umbilical cord blood of neonates born to patients with a positive history of SARS-CoV-2 infection stratified according to vaccination status at time of delivery. Differences were determined by two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Data points are indicated as dots and plotted as boxplots (center line, median; bounds of box, the first and third quartiles; whiskers, 1.5 times interquartile range). e Umbilical cord anti-S IgG levels over neutralizing antibody levels in neonates born to patients with positive history of COVID-19 infection at time of delivery. Spearman correlation analysis were carried out for each variant assayed (B.1; BA.1; BA.5). f Matched maternal peripheral blood over neonatal umbilical cord blood neutralizing activity at time of delivery per variant assayed (B.1; BA.1; BA.5). Spearman correlation analysis on log₁₀-transformed values. For d–f, samples are grouped according to maternal vaccination status at time of delivery: Not vaccinated with positive history of infection (NoVx/Inf); Partially vaccinated with positive history of infection (PartVx/Inf); Fully vaccinated with positive history of infection (FullVx/Inf); Boosted with positive history of infection (BoostVx/Inf). Shaded regions indicate 95% confidence intervals for each linear relationship visualized. Source data are provided as a source data file.