Fig. 2: Comparison between fossil phytoliths extracted from the digestive tract of Jeholornis prima (IVPP V14978) and modern phytoliths.

a, b Fossil blocky phytoliths with wavy ridgelines from the stomach content of Jeholornis prima (IVPP V14978), consistent with the blocky phytoliths in modern magnoliid leaves; c blocky phytoliths with wavy ridgelines, extracted from Lirianthe coco leaves (an extant species of Magnoliales) collected from Guangxi Province, China; d, e fossil phytoliths with radiate lines and a conical projection in the center, which is similar to the hair base phytoliths in modern plants; f hair base phytoliths extracted from extant Ficus tikoua leaves collected from Gongga Mountain, Sichuan, China. Scale bar is equal across all panels.