Fig. 6: Schematic diagram for HSAL synthesis, structure and its capacity for enhancing iron bioavailability to increase root length and plant biomass. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Schematic diagram for HSAL synthesis, structure and its capacity for enhancing iron bioavailability to increase root length and plant biomass.

From: A lignin-derived material improves plant nutrient bioavailability and growth through its metal chelating capacity

Fig. 6

Sulfuric acid lignin (SAL)is converted into a water-soluble lignin-based material (HSAL) through a hydrothermal reaction. This reaction not only shears the bonds of the monomers to depolymerize the lignin, but also causes the decrease of methoxy groups and increase of phenolic hydroxyl groups. This changed structure makes HSAL to act as a sustainable ferric iron chelator promoting plant growth and root length by chelating ferric iron to enhance iron bioavailability in the growth medium and apoplastic space in both rice and Arabidopsis. In the Strategy I plant Arabidopsis, HSAL chelated ferric iron is reduced by the FRO2 ferric reductase into ferrous iron and is then transported into the plant cells through the IRT1transporter. In the Strategy II plant rice, ferric iron might be released from HSAL chelated complexes, and transport into root cells through YSL transporters in the form of phytosiderophore chelated complexes.

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