Fig. 3: Verification of candidate genes identified by QTG-Miner for qTBN3-1 and qTBN7-1 in maize.

a Primary genetic mapping results of qTBN3-1. b Detailed weighted SD values (SD_w) of genes in the interval of qTBN3-1. c Detailed weighted_Probability (P_w) of genes in the interval of qTBN3-1. d Representative photographs showing the TBN phenotype in wild type (left) and mutant Zmkinesin-EMS (right) derived from EMS materials. e TBN in wild type (gray violin plots) and mutants (pink violin plots). 20DHN, Hainan in winter 2020. 21CSD, Shandong in spring 2021. f Sequences of ZmKinesin target regions in wild type, Zmkinesin-KO#1 and Zmkinesin-KO#2 CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants. g Representative photographs showing the TBN phenotype in wild type (left), Zmkinesin-KO#1 (middle) and Zmkinesin-KO#2 (right) mutants. h TBN in wild type (left), Zmkinesin-KO#1 (middle) and Zmkinesin-KO#2 (right) mutants. i Primary genetic mapping results of qTBN7-1. j Detailed weighted SD values (SD_w) of genes in the interval of qTBN7-1. k Detailed weighted_Probability (P_w) of genes in the interval of qTBN7-1. l Sequences of ZmHD-ZIP120 target regions in wild type, Zmhd-zip120-KO#1 CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants. m Representative photographs showing the TBN phenotype in wild type (left) and Zmhd-zip120-KO#1 (right) mutant. n TBN in wild type (left) and Zmhd-zip120-KO#1 (right) mutant. In b and j, Pink indicates SD_d, light blue indicates SD_v, and gray indicates SD_g. In c and k, Pink indicates P_d, light blue indicates P_v, and gray indicates P_g. In f, l, the target sites and protospacer-adjacent motifs (PAM) are shown as underscored letters and pink letters, respectively. The gap lengths of sequences are shown above the wild type sequences. Scale bars referred above; 2 cm. In e, h, n, P values were determined by two-sided Student’s t tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Violin plots: median ± upper and lower quartiles. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.