Fig. 5: IPF fibroblast-derived matrix restricts KRT5⁺ BC migration.

a Schematic of experimental design for KRT5⁺ BC migration on CDM from control or IPF HLFs. Created with BioRender.com. b Images showing KRT5⁺ BC interacting with fibronectin fibres; KRT5 (yellow), DAPI (turquoise) and fibronectin (purple). c Individual cell track trajectories for all healthy KRT5⁺ cells on n = 3 control CDMs (black) or n = 3 IPF CDMs (red); Scale bar, 100 μm. d Cell track trajectories plotted from centroid; Scale bar, 100 μm. e Mean square displacement (MSD) over time of all healthy KRT5⁺ BCs on n = 3 control (black) on n = 3 IPF (red) CDMs (mean ± SEM). f Contingency analysis of cell proportions according to displacement distance for CDM type, **P value = 0.0013, calculated using a Chi-squared test. g–i Beeswarm SuperPlots showing g displacement over 12 h, h mean track speed, and i straightness ratio for motile and highly motile KRT5⁺ BCs from healthy controls tracked over CDMs from control (n = 3, ≥2 replicates per donor) or IPF HLFs (n = 3, ≥2 replicates per donor). Each small dot represents cell-level data which is colour coded according to biological replicate. The larger circles represent the mean value per biological replicate. Summary statistics with mean and standard deviation are superimposed on the plot. Sample-level means compared using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.