Fig. 1: Prolonged immobilization of immune checkpoint for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
From: An in situ dual-anchoring strategy for enhanced immobilization of PD-L1 to treat autoimmune diseases
a Scheme of the immobilization of PD-L1 molecules on targeted cell membrane to enhance immune tolerance for the treatment of T1D and RA. b TEM image of H-NPs. Scale bar: 100 nm. c The diameter of H-NPs was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). d The ROS-responsive release profiles of Ac4ManNAz. NPs represent MPEG5k-P(DMAEMA-PBA)14k nanoparticles. The concentration of H2O2 was 1 mM. Data represent the mean ± s.d. (n = 3 independent samples). e Confocal imaging of Min 6 cells incubated with FITC-DBCO after a 3-day introduction of Ac4ManNAz. Scale bar: 50 μm. f Flow cytometry of unlabeled Min 6 cells and FITC-labeled Min 6 cells through metabolic glycoengineering and click chemistry.
