Fig. 1: hαSyn expression in the brain leads to increased αSyn in the ileum of PD mice.

All images are from mice five weeks following stereotactic injection of the AAV vector. a Top panel: Representative immunofluorescence images for Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) (yellow), HA (green), αSyn (magenta), and DAPI (blue) in the SN of either EV or hαSyn mice. Far right demonstrates a representative immunofluorescence image of GFP (green), TH (yellow), and DAPI (blue) in the SN of mice injected with an AAV-GFP. Bottom Panel: Representative immunohistochemistry images of TH. b Quantification of TH positive or Nissl-stained neurons (c) in the SN. d Representative immunofluorescence images of HA (green) and αSyn (magenta) in the ileum of EV, hαSyn, and GFP mice. Arrowheads indicate αSyn positive cells. e Quantification of the number of αSyn positive villi in the ileum of EV or hαSyn mice. f Quantification of the number of HA positive villi in the ileum of hαSyn mice. g Representative immunofluorescence images of either the colon or the spleen (h) of hαSyn mice (n = 3). i Quantification of GFP positive villi in the ileum of GFP mice. j Whole gut transit quantification at 1, 5, and 10 weeks after injection in EV, hαSyn, or GFP mice. Scale bars represent 50 µm in larger images and 10 µm in the inserts. All graphs depict EV (blue), hαSyn (red), and GFP (green). Statistical analysis by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc (b, c, i) or two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test (e, f, j). Data are presented as mean values +/− SEM. Source data are provided as a Source data file.