Fig. 5: Eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related inflammatory mediators are associated with HFpEF and related exercise traits.

A directed nontargeted LC-MS lipidomics approach identified 70 distinct eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related metabolites that were associated with HFpEF status, of which 18 were also associated with the development of HF in the MESA community cohort. Further examination of the 70 HFpEF-related eicosanoid and related metabolites showed associations with distinct exercise traits characteristic of HFpEF and potential mediation of the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with HFpEF. Created with BioRender.com.