Fig. 6: Battery degradation and lifetime under the different temperatures and charging protocols. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Battery degradation and lifetime under the different temperatures and charging protocols.

From: A cross-scale framework for evaluating flexibility values of battery and fuel cell electric vehicles

Fig. 6

“Average” denotes average battery lifetimes using four charging protocols with charging times of 60 min, 45 min, 30 min, and 15 min (see Supplementary Table 6). “Extreme” denotes extremely fast charging with only a 10 min duration. The blue, red, and green lines indicate battery degradation at 25 °C, 10 °C, and 0 °C, respectively. The solid lines denote the extreme cases, while the dotted-dashed lines denote the average cases. When at 25 °C, “Average” is associated with “BEV Average” case in Fig. 2, while “Extreme” is corresponding to “BEV Extreme” case in Fig. 2 (BEV is short for battery electric vehicle). The battery cycle life defined here is the cycle number corresponding to a reduction in the cell capacity to 80% of the nominal capacity62.

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