Fig. 3: The localization of LAP1 in Ae. aegypti.

a mRNA abundance of LAP1 in different mosquito tissue at the G2 (n = 3). The experiment was replicated three times, and tissue collected from 20 individual females and males at 72 h PE were served as a single replicate per group. Data were normalized to the expression level of ovary♀. Statistical significance was determined using the one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests with Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment for multiple comparisons. ***q < 0.001. b Images of sperm in WT, LAP1^−/+, and LAP1^−/− male mosquitoes. Sperm was dissected, and LAP1 protein was detected by immunofluorescence assay using mouse anti-LAP1 antibody (green). Nucleus was stained by Hoechst 33258 (blue). Images were visualized under a confocal microscope. Scale bar: 20 μm. c The ovarian phenotypes (left panel) and follicle lengths (right panel) of WT and LAP1^−/− female mosquitoes were detected at 48 h PBM (n = 31 for WT♀ × WT♂; n = 26 for LAP1^−/−♀ × WT♂). Results are combined from three batches of mosquitoes, and each dot represents the length of a single follicle. Images were captured from CellSens software (version 1.6) using an Olympus SZX16 stereoscopic microscope at 5 × magnification (scale bar: 500 μm). The follicle lengths were measured in CellSens software (version 1.6). The p-value was determined by the two-sided Mann–Whitney test. d Temporal expression of LAP1 during different stages of embryonic development in LAP1^−/−♂ × WT♀ and WT♂ × WT♀ groups (n = 3). The experiment was repeated three times, and total RNA was extracted from eggs collected from the pairs LAP1^−/−♂ × WT♀ and WT♂ × WT♀ at different periods (0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–8, 8–10, 10–12, and 20–22 h) after the first and second blood meals as individual replicates for each group. RNA level of LAP1 was measured using qPCR. Data were normalized to the expression level of WT♂ × WT♀ at 0–1 h post first blood meal. Statistical significance was determined using the two-sided multiple Mann–Whitney test with Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment. ns: not significant. Data in a, c and d are represented as mean ± SEM. The experiments were repeated three times with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.