Table 1 Participants’ demographics comparing with population distribution using census data

From: Dynamic predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake and their interconnections over two years in Hong Kong

Demographic characteristics

P1 (Feb 22–May 28 2021) (%)

P2 (Jun 21–Dec 16 2021) (%)

P3 (Jan 3–Mar 10 2022) (%)

P4 (Jun 6–Nov 17 2022) (%)

Total sample (%)

Population distribution (%)a

Sample size (N)

3523

7056

2580

2020

15,179

 

Genderb

  Female

57.6

60.4

57.2

64.8 c

59.8

52.9

  Male

42.4

39.6

42.8

35.2 c

40.2

47.1

Age group (years)

  18–24

8.0

6.5

5.5

4.8c

6.5

6.9

  25–34

13.4

11.9

11.4

11.7c

12.1

14.6

  35–44

14.5

13.7

15.4

12.8c

14.1

16.7

  45–54

14.8

15.8

16.1

14.0c

15.4

18.0

  55–64

16.8

16.6

16.4

16.1c

16.6

20.1

  65 or above

30.5

33.1

33.1

38.3c

33.2

23.7

Educational attainment

  ≤Primary

16.9

18.2

17.1

20.9

18.1

18.9

  Secondary

44.0

43.5

46.0

43.7

44.1

45.9

  ≥Tertiary

37.8

36.6

35.6

34.1

36.3

35.2

Employment status

  Employed/Students/home makers/retirees

94.6

94.6

94.5

95.4

94.7

90.0

  Unemployedd

3.9

3.7

4.2

3.1

3.8

2.4

  1. aPopulation data were obtained from the 2021 Hong Kong census data.
  2. bSelf-reported gender.
  3. cEffect size equal or greater than 0.30 compared with the population census data. Effect size was calculated with the formula ω =\(\sqrt{\mathop{\sum }\nolimits_{i=1}^{m}\frac{{({p}_{0}\left(i\right)-{p}_{1}\left(i\right))}^{2}}{{p}_{0}(i)}}\) where \({p}_{0}\) and \({p}_{1}\) are the observed proportions in the ith category of the census data and survey data, respectively. An effect size of ≥0.30 indicating a moderate-to-above differences between the sample and the population structure in terms of demographic distributions.
  4. dUnemployment group included unemployed persons or who reported that not working for other reasons.
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