Fig. 3: AAV_MUSE-mediated luciferase reporter expression in mouse livers.

a Schematic representation of the experimental procedure for AAV_MUSE-mediated luciferase expression in mice. Female BALB/c mice (8-week-old) were transduced with AAV_MUSE containing the muscone-responsive vector AAV2/9-pWX126 (3 × 10¹¹ vg), the concatenated Gα_olf and RTP1S expression vector AAV2/9-pWX127 (1.5 × 10¹¹ vg), and the inducible reporter vector AAV2/9-pWX158 (ITR-P_CRE-luciferase-P2A-EGFP-pA-ITR, 1.5 × 10¹¹ vg) via tail vein injection. Two weeks after the AAV injection, AAV_MUSE-transduced mice were exposed to nebulized muscone using an ultrasonic nebulizer. b Muscone dose-dependent AAV_MUSE-mediated luciferase expression kinetics in mice. BALB/c mice transduced with AAV_MUSE were exposed to nebulized muscone at the indicated concentrations for 4 h, and luciferase reporter expression was measured based on bioluminescence imaging 4 h after exposure to nebulized muscone. vg, viral genomes. c Muscone exposure time-dependent AAV_MUSE-mediated luciferase expression kinetics in mice. BALB/c mice transduced with AAV_MUSE were exposed to nebulized muscone for the indicated time periods (0 to 4 h). d Re-inducibility of AAV_MUSE-mediated transgene expression in mice. According to the indicated time schedule, BALB/c mice transduced with AAV_MUSE were exposed to nebulized muscone for 4 h once every two weeks; control mice were transduced with AAV_MUSE without exposure to muscone. Bioluminescence imaging was monitored weekly using an in vivo imaging system 4 h after exposure to nebulized muscone. e Schematic representation of the schedule for AAV_MUSE-mediated luciferase expression in mice for 28 weeks. f BALB/c mice transduced with AAV_MUSE were exposed to nebulized muscone or vehicle for 4 h once every two weeks. Bioluminescence imaging was performed at the indicated time points. Data in (b, c, d and f) are presented as means ± SEM (b, c and f, n = 4 mice; d, n = 3 mice). P values were obtained from two-tailed unpaired t tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Detailed images of the bioluminescence signals are provided in Supplementary Figs. 12 and 13. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.