Fig. 5: MYB40 regulatesPIN1 and pin1 shows flint like kernels.
From: An ARF gene mutation creates flint kernel architecture in dent maize
a IAA content in pericarps of B73 and MYB40-OE1. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 4 biologically independent samples). b RT-qPCR analysis of PIN1 in pericarps of B73 and MYB40-OE1. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 3 biologically independent samples). c EMSA showing MYB40 binds to the PIN1 promoters. PIN1-P, the probe containing P1 binding cores positioned between −1015 and −883 bp upstream of the start codon in the PIN1 promoter. Binding specificity was confirmed by competition, whereby the signals gradually decreased with addition of unlabeled wild-type probes (10, 50 and 100 x). d MYB40 repressing the PIN1 promoter in maize leaf protoplasts. Data are mean ± s.d. (more than three biologically independent samples were performed). e RT-qPCR analysis of PIN1 expression in pericarps of B73 and pin1. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 3 biologically independent samples). f IAA content in pericarp tissues of B73 and pin1. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 4 biologically independent samples). g The kernel phenotype of B73 and pin1. Scale bars, 1 cm. h Longitudinal-sections of B73 and pin1 kernels. Scale bars, 2 mm. i Dent degree of B73 and pin1 kernels. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 25 kernels from 6 ears). j Pericarp length of B73 and pin1 kernels. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 25 kernels from 6 ears). In (b, e), expression levels were normalized to that of TUA4. Data are mean ± s.d. (n = 3 biologically independent samples). Two-tailed Student’s t-tests were used to determine P-values shown in the (a, d, f, i, j).
