Fig. 5: Effects of grassland management on the multifunctionality of 12 ecosystem services, derived by aggregating log response ratios (LRRs, black horizontal bars) of 22 ecosystem-service indicators following CICES (Fig. 1).
From: Effects of management practices on the ecosystem-service multifunctionality of temperate grasslands
Effects were separated into overall multifunctionality (displayed in the shaded areas) and multifunctionality of each of the three ecosystem-service categories, i.e., provisioning, supporting/regulating, and cultural. LRRs of the 12 single ecosystem services according to CICES shown as colored symbols. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals based on bootstrapping. Colors of the points correspond to the respective indicators used for one distinct ecosystem service, and the shapes of the points correspond to the ecosystem-service category (Fig. 1). N = 86 grasslands. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
